Search results for " Algebraic topology"
showing 10 items of 19 documents
Topology-based goodness-of-fit tests for sliced spatial data
2023
In materials science and many other application domains, 3D information can often only be extrapolated by taking 2D slices. In topological data analysis, persistence vineyards have emerged as a powerful tool to take into account topological features stretching over several slices. In the present paper, we illustrate how persistence vineyards can be used to design rigorous statistical hypothesis tests for 3D microstructure models based on data from 2D slices. More precisely, by establishing the asymptotic normality of suitable longitudinal and cross-sectional summary statistics, we devise goodness-of-fit tests that become asymptotically exact in large sampling windows. We illustrate the test…
Chiralities of nodal points along high symmetry lines with screw rotation symmetry
2021
Screw rotations in nonsymmorphic space group symmetries induce the presence of hourglass and accordion shape band structures along screw invariant lines whenever spin-orbit coupling is nonnegligible. These structures induce topological enforced Weyl points on the band intersections. In this work we show that the chirality of each Weyl point is related to the representations of the cyclic group on the bands that form the intersection. To achieve this, we calculate the Picard group of isomorphism classes of complex line bundles over the 2-dimensional sphere with cyclic group action, and we show how the chirality (Chern number) relates to the eigenvalues of the rotation action on the rotation …
Conjugacy problem for braid groups and Garside groups
2003
We present a new algorithm to solve the conjugacy problem in Artin braid groups, which is faster than the one presented by Birman, Ko and Lee. This algorithm can be applied not only to braid groups, but to all Garside groups (which include finite type Artin groups and torus knot groups among others).
Quasinodal lines in rhombohedral magnetic materials
2021
A well-established result in condensed matter physics states that materials crystallizing in symmetry groups containing glide reflection symmetries possess nodal lines on the energy bands. These nodal lines are topologically protected and appear on the fixed planes of the reflection in reciprocal space. In the presence of inversion symmetry, the energy bands are degenerate and the nodal lines on the fixed plane may hybridize or may cross. In the former case, the crossing is avoided, thus producing lines on reciprocal space where the energy gap is small, and in the latter, the nodal lines will endure, thus producing Dirac or double nodal lines. In addition, if the material crystallizes in a …
On operads, bimodules and analytic functors
2017
We develop further the theory of operads and analytic functors. In particular, we introduce a bicategory that has operads as 0-cells, operad bimodules as 1-cells and operad bimodule maps as 2-cells, and prove that this bicategory is cartesian closed. In order to obtain this result, we extend the theory of distributors and the formal theory of monads.
Khovanov homology for signed divides
2009
The purpose of this paper is to interpret polynomial invariants of strongly invertible links in terms of Khovanov homology theory. To a divide, that is a proper generic immersion of a finite number of copies of the unit interval and circles in a [math] –disc, one can associate a strongly invertible link in the [math] –sphere. This can be generalized to signed divides: divides with [math] or [math] sign assignment to each crossing point. Conversely, to any link [math] that is strongly invertible for an involution [math] , one can associate a signed divide. Two strongly invertible links that are isotopic through an isotopy respecting the involution are called strongly equivalent. Such isotopi…
Topological electronic structure and Weyl points in nonsymmorphic hexagonal materials
2020
Using topological band theory analysis we show that the nonsymmorphic symmetry operations in hexagonal lattices enforce Weyl points at the screw-invariant high-symmetry lines of the band structure. The corepresentation theory and connectivity group theory show that Weyl points are generated by band crossings in accordion-like and hourglass-like dispersion relations. These Weyl points are stable against weak perturbations and are protected by the screw rotation symmetry. Based on first-principles calculations we found a complete agreement between the topological predicted energy dispersion relations and real hexagonal materials. Topological charge (chirality) and Berry curvature calculations…
Geometric models for algebraic suspensions
2021
We analyze the question of which motivic homotopy types admit smooth schemes as representatives. We show that given a pointed smooth affine scheme $X$ and an embedding into affine space, the affine deformation space of the embedding gives a model for the ${\mathbb P}^1$ suspension of $X$; we also analyze a host of variations on this observation. Our approach yields many examples of ${\mathbb A}^1$-$(n-1)$-connected smooth affine $2n$-folds and strictly quasi-affine ${\mathbb A}^1$-contractible smooth schemes.
A Classification of Modular Functors via Factorization Homology
2022
Modular functors are traditionally defined as systems of projective representations of mapping class groups of surfaces that are compatible with gluing. They can formally be described as modular algebras over central extensions of the modular surface operad, with the values of the algebra lying in a suitable symmetric monoidal $(2,1)$-category $\mathcal{S}$ of linear categories. In this paper, we prove that modular functors in $\mathcal{S}$ are equivalent to self-dual balanced braided algebras $\mathcal{A}$ in $\mathcal{S}$ (a categorification of the notion of a commutative Frobenius algebra) for which a condition formulated in terms of factorization homology with coefficients in $\mathcal{…
The distinguished invertible object as ribbon dualizing object in the Drinfeld center
2022
We prove that the Drinfeld center $Z(\mathcal{C})$ of a pivotal finite tensor category $\mathcal{C}$ comes with the structure of a ribbon Grothendieck-Verdier category in the sense of Boyarchenko-Drinfeld. Phrased operadically, this makes $Z(\mathcal{C})$ into a cyclic algebra over the framed $E_2$-operad. The underlying object of the dualizing object is the distinguished invertible object of $\mathcal{C}$ appearing in the well-known Radford isomorphism of Etingof-Nikshych-Ostrik. Up to equivalence, this is the unique ribbon Grothendieck-Verdier structure on $Z(\mathcal{C})$ extending the canonical balanced braided structure that $Z(\mathcal{C})$ already comes equipped with. The duality fun…